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Also known as: Śiva, Mahādeva
The auspicious one — transformer, yogi, and cosmic dancer.

Significance
Shiva embodies dissolution that clears space for renewal. Rituals honor discipline (tapas), devotion (bhakti), and awareness.
Iconography
Third eye, crescent moon, trident (triśūla), serpent.
Festivals
Kṛṣṇa Yajurvedīya Śrī Rudram
श्री रुद्रम् प्रथमोऽध्यायः (संक्षेप)
Reverential homage invoking Śiva across manifestations—teacher-guided chanting.
Panchakshara mantra; echoes the phrase 'namah shivaya ca shivataraya ca' in the Sri Rudram (Krishna Yajurveda)
ॐ नमः शिवाय
Om, salutations to Shiva — the most fundamental Shaiva mantra, offering reverence to the auspicious, all-pervading consciousness that Shiva embodies.
Shiva Panchakshara Stotram, attr. Adi Shankaracharya
नागेन्द्रहाराय त्रिलोचनाय भस्माङ्गरागाय महेश्वराय। नित्याय शुद्धाय दिगम्बराय तस्मै "न" काराय नमः शिवाय॥
Salutations to the great lord who wears the king of serpents as a garland, who bears three eyes, whose limbs are smeared with sacred ash — who is eternal, pure, and robed in the directions themselves. To him, present in the syllable 'Na', I bow.
Lingashtakam, attr. Adi Shankaracharya
ब्रह्ममुरारिसुरार्चितलिङ्गं निर्मलभासितशोभितलिङ्गम्। जन्मजदुःखविनाशकलिङ्गं तत्प्रणमामि सदाशिवलिङ्गम्॥
I bow to that eternal Shiva-linga, worshipped by Brahma, Vishnu, and the gods; radiant with a stainless splendor; and destroyer of the sorrows born of worldly existence.
Sri Rudram (Namakam), Krishna Yajurveda, Taittiriya Samhita 4.5.1
नमस्ते रुद्र मन्यव उतोत इषवे नमः। नमस्ते अस्तु धन्वने बाहुभ्यामुत ते नमः॥
Salutations to your fury, O Rudra, and salutations to your arrow. Salutations be to your bow, and salutations to your two arms.
Rigveda 7.59.12; also recurs in the Yajurveda (Taittiriya Samhita, Vajasaneyi Samhita)
त्र्यम्बकं यजामहे सुगन्धिं पुष्टिवर्धनम्। उर्वारुकमिव बन्धनान्मृत्योर्मुक्षीय मामृतात्॥
We worship the three-eyed one, fragrant and nourishing; may he free us from the bond of death, like a ripe cucumber falls freely from its vine, and unite us with immortality.