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Also known as: Ganapati, Vinayaka
Lord of beginnings, wisdom, and the remover of obstacles.

Significance
Ganesha is invoked at the start of rituals and journeys. Devotion emphasizes humility, intellect, and clearing inner and outer blockages before auspicious work.
Iconography
Elephant head, single tusk, modaka sweet, mouse vehicle.
Festivals
Common devotional hymn corpus
गजाननं भूतगणादिसेवितम्
I meditate upon the elephant-faced lord adored by hosts of beings…
Traditional — Ganapati bija mantra, widely attested in Puranic and Tantric worship
ॐ गं गणपतये नमः
Om, Gam, salutations to Ganapati — a seed-syllable invocation calling on Ganesha as lord of all assemblies/categories of existence.
Traditional dhyana verse, popularly recited before starting any work
वक्रतुण्ड महाकाय सूर्यकोटि समप्रभ । निर्विघ्नं कुरु मे देव सर्वकार्येषु सर्वदा ॥
O curved-trunked, mighty-bodied one, radiant as a million suns — make all my undertakings free of obstacles, always, O Lord.
Traditional — Sankatanashana Ganesha Stotram, attributed to the Narada Purana
प्रणम्य शिरसा देवं गौरीपुत्रं विनायकम् । भक्तावासं स्मरेन्नित्यमायुष्कामार्थसिद्धये ॥
Bowing the head to the god Vinayaka, son of Gauri, one should remember him daily — the refuge of devotees — for long life, fulfillment of desires, and success in one's aims.
Ganesha Pancharatnam, attr. Adi Shankaracharya
मुदाकरात्तमोदकं सदा विमुक्तिसाधकं कलाधरावतंसकं विलासिलोकरक्षकम् । अनायकैकनायकं विनाशितेभदैत्यकं नताशुभाशुनाशकं नमामि तं विनायकम् ॥
I bow to Vinayaka — who joyfully holds a sweet in his hand, who ever grants liberation, who wears the crescent moon as an ornament, who protects the world in its play; the one leader of the leaderless, destroyer of the elephant-demon, who swiftly dissolves the misfortunes of those who bow to him.